psf/black GitHub Actions scorecard

Public GitHub Actions data, last 30 days. Updated .

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82 min/mo
recoverable (~7% of CI time) · across 34 patterns
Estimated from wall-clock time · public repos pay $0, $ = private-repo equivalent
See all 34 fixes, each with the exact YAML ↓
5.4%
failure rate, 30d
20m
avg time to recover from a failure
Since : findings 35 → 34 · recoverable ~83 → ~82 min/mo
20 workflows · 500 runs (16.7/day) · 1,189 CI-min (wall-clock) · ≈$7 at private-repo rates (30d)

Where the minutes go (30d)

diff-shades~321 min · 45 runs
build and publish~266 min · 58 runs
test~163 min · 55 runs
or track on every push →

Waste detected

Biggest wins first, each with the exact config fix.

No concurrency control · build and publish

~27 min/mo

Add a `concurrency:` block keyed on branch to cancel superseded runs when devs push twice quickly.

concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}
  # no cancel-in-progress on deploys: queued deploys would be dropped

Full guide: how to fix this →

Workflow runs on both push and pull_request · test

~15 min/mo

Pushing to a branch and opening a PR triggers two runs. Pick one (usually `pull_request`) and exclude branch pushes for non-default branches.

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]
  pull_request:

Full guide: how to fix this →

Workflow runs on both push and pull_request · lint and format

~12 min/mo

Pushing to a branch and opening a PR triggers two runs. Pick one (usually `pull_request`) and exclude branch pushes for non-default branches.

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]
  pull_request:

Full guide: how to fix this →

No concurrency control · lint and format

~9 min/mo

Add a `concurrency:` block keyed on branch to cancel superseded runs when devs push twice quickly.

concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

Full guide: how to fix this →

No concurrency control · docs

~9 min/mo

Add a `concurrency:` block keyed on branch to cancel superseded runs when devs push twice quickly.

concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

Full guide: how to fix this →

Workflow runs on both push and pull_request · docs

~8 min/mo

Pushing to a branch and opening a PR triggers two runs. Pick one (usually `pull_request`) and exclude branch pushes for non-default branches.

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]
  pull_request:

Full guide: how to fix this →

No concurrency control · changelog

~1 min/mo

Add a `concurrency:` block keyed on branch to cancel superseded runs when devs push twice quickly.

concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

Full guide: how to fix this →

No concurrency control · diff-shades comment

~1 min/mo

Add a `concurrency:` block keyed on branch to cancel superseded runs when devs push twice quickly.

concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

Full guide: how to fix this →

Also found: 26 more config fixes with negligible recoverable minutes: timeouts, retention, path filters

No job timeout · lint and format

~0 min/mo

No job sets `timeout-minutes`, so a hung step can run to GitHub's 6-hour default. Add `timeout-minutes` to each job.

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 15

Full guide: how to fix this →

No path filters on triggers · lint and format

~0 min/mo

Runs on every push/PR with no `paths:` filter, so docs-only changes still trigger full CI. Add a `paths:` filter if that's common.

on:
  pull_request:
    paths:
      - 'src/**'
      - 'package.json'

Full guide: how to fix this →

No job timeout · test

~0 min/mo

No job sets `timeout-minutes`, so a hung step can run to GitHub's 6-hour default. Add `timeout-minutes` to each job.

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 15

Full guide: how to fix this →

Large build matrix · test

~0 min/mo

The matrix expands to many parallel jobs per run, multiplying billable minutes, often more combos than you need. Trim the axes, or use `include:` to list only the combinations that matter.

strategy:
  fail-fast: true
  matrix:
    include:
      - { os: ubuntu-latest, node: 20 }
      - { os: ubuntu-latest, node: 22 }

Full guide: how to fix this →

Premium runners (macOS / Windows) · test

~0 min/mo

macOS bills ~10x and Windows ~2x a Linux minute. The cost estimate above assumes Linux, so your real spend is higher. Move any job that doesn't need them to `ubuntu-latest`.

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest  # ~10x cheaper than macos-latest

Full guide: how to fix this →

No job timeout · fuzz

~0 min/mo

No job sets `timeout-minutes`, so a hung step can run to GitHub's 6-hour default. Add `timeout-minutes` to each job.

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 15

Full guide: how to fix this →

Artifacts at default retention · fuzz

~0 min/mo

`upload-artifact` has no `retention-days`, so artifacts keep up to 90 days (storage cost). Set e.g. `retention-days: 7`.

- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
  with:
    name: build
    path: dist/
    retention-days: 7

Full guide: how to fix this →

Scheduled at the top of the hour · fuzz

~0 min/mo

The schedule fires at minute :00, GitHub's peak window, where scheduled runs get delayed or skipped. Shift to any other minute for the same cadence with less contention.

on:
  schedule:
    - cron: '44 0 * * *'  # was '0 0 * * *' — any non-:00 minute avoids the herd

Full guide: how to fix this →

No job timeout · changelog

~0 min/mo

No job sets `timeout-minutes`, so a hung step can run to GitHub's 6-hour default. Add `timeout-minutes` to each job.

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 15

Full guide: how to fix this →

No path filters on triggers · changelog

~0 min/mo

Runs on every push/PR with no `paths:` filter, so docs-only changes still trigger full CI. Add a `paths:` filter if that's common.

on:
  pull_request:
    paths:
      - 'src/**'
      - 'package.json'

Full guide: how to fix this →

No job timeout · build and publish

~0 min/mo

No job sets `timeout-minutes`, so a hung step can run to GitHub's 6-hour default. Add `timeout-minutes` to each job.

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 15

Full guide: how to fix this →

Artifacts at default retention · build and publish

~0 min/mo

`upload-artifact` has no `retention-days`, so artifacts keep up to 90 days (storage cost). Set e.g. `retention-days: 7`.

- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
  with:
    name: build
    path: dist/
    retention-days: 7

Full guide: how to fix this →

No path filters on triggers · build and publish

~0 min/mo

Runs on every push/PR with no `paths:` filter, so docs-only changes still trigger full CI. Add a `paths:` filter if that's common.

on:
  pull_request:
    paths:
      - 'src/**'
      - 'package.json'

Full guide: how to fix this →

Premium runners (macOS / Windows) · build and publish

~0 min/mo

macOS bills ~10x and Windows ~2x a Linux minute. The cost estimate above assumes Linux, so your real spend is higher. Move any job that doesn't need them to `ubuntu-latest`.

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest  # ~10x cheaper than macos-latest

Full guide: how to fix this →

No job timeout · docker

~0 min/mo

No job sets `timeout-minutes`, so a hung step can run to GitHub's 6-hour default. Add `timeout-minutes` to each job.

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 15

Full guide: how to fix this →

Artifacts at default retention · docker

~0 min/mo

`upload-artifact` has no `retention-days`, so artifacts keep up to 90 days (storage cost). Set e.g. `retention-days: 7`.

- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
  with:
    name: build
    path: dist/
    retention-days: 7

Full guide: how to fix this →

No job timeout · diff-shades

~0 min/mo

No job sets `timeout-minutes`, so a hung step can run to GitHub's 6-hour default. Add `timeout-minutes` to each job.

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 15

Full guide: how to fix this →

Artifacts at default retention · diff-shades

~0 min/mo

`upload-artifact` has no `retention-days`, so artifacts keep up to 90 days (storage cost). Set e.g. `retention-days: 7`.

- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
  with:
    name: build
    path: dist/
    retention-days: 7

Full guide: how to fix this →

Full-history clone (fetch-depth: 0) · diff-shades

~0 min/mo

checkout fetches the entire git history every run (`fetch-depth: 0`) and nothing in the workflow appears to read it. Remove the line; the default shallow clone is much faster on big repos. Keep it if a step genuinely needs history.

- uses: actions/checkout@v4
  # fetch-depth: 0 removed — default shallow clone is enough here

Full guide: how to fix this →

No job timeout · diff-shades comment

~0 min/mo

No job sets `timeout-minutes`, so a hung step can run to GitHub's 6-hour default. Add `timeout-minutes` to each job.

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 15

Full guide: how to fix this →

No job timeout · test release tool

~0 min/mo

No job sets `timeout-minutes`, so a hung step can run to GitHub's 6-hour default. Add `timeout-minutes` to each job.

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 15

Full guide: how to fix this →

Large build matrix · test release tool

~0 min/mo

The matrix expands to many parallel jobs per run, multiplying billable minutes, often more combos than you need. Trim the axes, or use `include:` to list only the combinations that matter.

strategy:
  fail-fast: true
  matrix:
    include:
      - { os: ubuntu-latest, node: 20 }
      - { os: ubuntu-latest, node: 22 }

Full guide: how to fix this →

Premium runners (macOS / Windows) · test release tool

~0 min/mo

macOS bills ~10x and Windows ~2x a Linux minute. The cost estimate above assumes Linux, so your real spend is higher. Move any job that doesn't need them to `ubuntu-latest`.

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest  # ~10x cheaper than macos-latest

Full guide: how to fix this →

No job timeout · zizmor

~0 min/mo

No job sets `timeout-minutes`, so a hung step can run to GitHub's 6-hour default. Add `timeout-minutes` to each job.

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 15

Full guide: how to fix this →

No job timeout · docs

~0 min/mo

No job sets `timeout-minutes`, so a hung step can run to GitHub's 6-hour default. Add `timeout-minutes` to each job.

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 15

Full guide: how to fix this →

Premium runners (macOS / Windows) · docs

~0 min/mo

macOS bills ~10x and Windows ~2x a Linux minute. The cost estimate above assumes Linux, so your real spend is higher. Move any job that doesn't need them to `ubuntu-latest`.

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest  # ~10x cheaper than macos-latest

Full guide: how to fix this →

Copy every fix as one block (10 snippets, annotated per workflow)
# No concurrency control (applies to: build and publish)
concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}
  # no cancel-in-progress on deploys: queued deploys would be dropped

# Workflow runs on both push and pull_request (applies to: test, lint and format, docs)
on:
  push:
    branches: [main]
  pull_request:

# No concurrency control (applies to: lint and format, docs, changelog, diff-shades comment)
concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

# No job timeout (applies to: lint and format, test, fuzz, changelog, build and publish, docker, diff-shades, diff-shades comment, test release tool, zizmor, docs)
jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 15

# No path filters on triggers (applies to: lint and format, changelog, build and publish)
on:
  pull_request:
    paths:
      - 'src/**'
      - 'package.json'

# Large build matrix (applies to: test, test release tool)
strategy:
  fail-fast: true
  matrix:
    include:
      - { os: ubuntu-latest, node: 20 }
      - { os: ubuntu-latest, node: 22 }

# Premium runners (macOS / Windows) (applies to: test, build and publish, test release tool, docs)
jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest  # ~10x cheaper than macos-latest

# Artifacts at default retention (applies to: fuzz, build and publish, docker, diff-shades)
- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
  with:
    name: build
    path: dist/
    retention-days: 7

# Scheduled at the top of the hour (applies to: fuzz)
on:
  schedule:
    - cron: '44 0 * * *'  # was '0 0 * * *' — any non-:00 minute avoids the herd

# Full-history clone (fetch-depth: 0) (applies to: diff-shades)
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
  # fetch-depth: 0 removed — default shallow clone is enough here

Each snippet is representative. Merge into the named workflow files rather than pasting wholesale.

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